Health tool

BMR Calculator

Calculate your Basal Metabolic Rate — the calories your body burns at complete rest — using three validated formulas side by side.

Written by Marcus Whitfield, RD, Registered Dietitian — 9 years clinical nutrition practice
Medically reviewed by Dr. Elena Vasquez, MD, Internal Medicine
Last updated

Quick summary: BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate) is the energy your body needs just to stay alive at complete rest — breathing, circulation, cell repair, brain function. It typically accounts for 60–75% of total daily calories burned. Multiply BMR by an activity factor to get TDEE, the number to actually plan a diet around.

What BMR actually measures

Basal Metabolic Rate is the minimum number of calories your body needs over 24 hours to keep essential functions running while lying still, awake, and fasted — it does not include digestion, movement, or exercise. It is closely related to (and often used loosely interchangeably with) Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR), which is measured under slightly less strict lab conditions and runs a little higher.

BMR is driven mainly by lean body mass, followed by age, sex, and body size — muscle tissue burns more calories at rest than fat tissue, which is why two people of the same weight can have meaningfully different BMRs.

How this calculator works

Enter your basic stats to see BMR calculated three ways:

The three formulas compared

  • Mifflin-St Jeor (1990): 10×weight(kg) + 6.25×height(cm) − 5×age + (5 for men, −161 for women). Generally the most accurate for the general population.
  • Harris-Benedict (revised 1984): An older formula, still widely cited, that tends to run slightly higher than Mifflin-St Jeor for most people.
  • Katch-McArdle: 370 + 21.6 × lean body mass (kg). More accurate for lean or very muscular individuals because it uses actual lean mass instead of estimating it from height/weight/age.

Worked example

A 28-year-old man, 175 cm, 72 kg: Mifflin-St Jeor BMR = 10×72 + 6.25×175 − 5×28 + 5 = 720 + 1,093.75 − 140 + 5 ≈ 1,679 kcal/day. With 20% body fat (57.6 kg lean mass), Katch-McArdle gives 370 + 21.6×57.6 ≈ 1,614 kcal/day.

BMR vs. related terms

BMR compared to RMR and TDEE
Term What it measures Typical relation
BMR Calories at complete rest, strict fasted conditions Baseline, usually the lowest figure
RMR Calories at rest, less strict conditions Usually 5–10% higher than BMR
TDEE BMR/RMR × activity level 1.2×–1.9× BMR depending on activity
Mifflin-St Jeor1,679 kcalHarris-Benedict1,739 kcalKatch-McArdle1,614 kcal

Which formula should you trust

The three formulas usually land within a few percent of each other, but pick the one that fits your situation:

Benefits and limitations

Benefits: gives a fast, free estimate of resting energy needs, and comparing formulas highlights how sensitive the estimate is to muscle mass. Limitations: all formulas are population averages; actual BMR can be affected by thyroid function, medications, pregnancy, and genetics, and can only be measured precisely with indirect calorimetry.

Expert tips

Common mistakes

Glossary

BMR
Basal Metabolic Rate — calories burned at complete rest under strict conditions.
RMR
Resting Metabolic Rate — a similar, slightly higher measure taken under less strict conditions.
Lean body mass
Total body weight minus fat mass — muscle, bone, organs, and water.
Indirect calorimetry
A lab method that measures BMR directly from oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production.

Frequently asked questions

Sources & references

  1. A new predictive equation for resting energy expenditure — American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
  2. Resting Metabolic Rate: Best Practices — National Institutes of Health (NIH)